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Department Seal FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES
1964-1968, Volume XXIV
Africa

Department of State
Washington, DC

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Index E-I

Economic Commission for Africa, 285-286
Economic Community of East Africa, 401, 597-598
Edwards, Robert H., 717n, 754n
Egal, Mohammed Ibrahim, 399, 581-584, 586n, 587-588, 590, 591-598, 603, 604, 605, 606
Ekern, Halvor O., 365-366, 615, 770n, 912
Enahoro, Chief Edward, 652, 662, 669
Enders, Thomas O., 1106n
Eritrea, 573, 575, 576, 598-599
Ethiopia (see also Ethiopia-Somalia dispute; Horn of Africa), 157, 286, 970n

China, relations with, 274, 527, 528-529
Dinke's defection to U.S., 531-532
Economic situation, 524
Eritrean insurgency, 573, 575, 576, 598-599
France, relations with, 545-546
Harriman's meeting with Haile Selassie, 527-529
Humphrey's visit, 397-398
Intelligence report on, 598-599
Johnson's correspondence with Haile Selassie, 486, 488-489, 499-500, 549-550
Johnson's meetings with Haile Selassie, 556-557, 558, 560-566, 568
Johnson's proposed meeting with Haile Selassie in 1966, 544n, 546-550
Kagnew Station military base, 505, 506, 510, 554-556, 561, 573, 576-579, 599, 606-609
Kenya, relations with, 488
McNamara's meeting with Haile Selassie, 559, 566-567
Palmer's meeting with Yifru, 546-547
Policing functions in Africa, 515-516
Political reforms, U.S. encouragement of, 533-536
Political situation, 537, 572
"Shake down" policy re U.S. assistance, 526-527
Soviet-Somali relations, concerns re, 603-604
U.K. military sales, 574, 580
U.S. military assistance, 486, 489n, 511-512, 515-517, 524-526, 538-539

Congressional action re, 589-590
Ethiopia's requests for increased assistance, 521-522, 540-541, 545, 547, 558-571
FY 1966 MAP program, 520
FY 1967 MAP program, 545
JCS position, 513-514
U.S. objectives re, 510-511
U.S. objectives and policies, 506
U.S.-Soviet relations, concerns re, 602

Ethiopia-Somalia dispute:

Bilateral resolution efforts of 1965, 530-531
Border clashes, 487, 490-495, 502-504, 507-508, 523
DŽtente initiative, 582-588, 591-592, 594, 597, 600-601, 603, 604-606
Intelligence report on, 509-510
Joint Somali-Ethiopian Border Commission, 504n
Mutual mistrust, 518-519
Preventive action, Ethiopia's consideration of, 519
Propaganda problem, 518-519
Soviet intervention, 500-501
U.S. bilateral relations and, 496-500
U.S. mediating role, proposed, 501-502
U.S. position re disputed territories, 530
U.S.-supplied military equipment, Ethiopia's alleged use of, 500n, 507-508

Eurafrican preferential system, 346-347, 349
Eurich, Alvin, 109
European Economic Community (EEC), 226, 346
Evans, Allan, 615n
Export-Import Bank, 415, 422

Fain, Thomas A., 943n, 952n
Falk, Richard, 1093
Fanfani, Amintore, 64
Farah, Abdulrahim Abby, 596
Farah, Abdurahman Abby, 551, 596
Farley, Philip J., 785n, 1097n
Fekini, Mohieddine, 69
Feld, NichoNicholas, 585n, 600n, 786
Ferguson, John H., 149, 151n, 153n, 155, 601
Field, Winston, 932
Fisher, Adrian S., 1040
Fluckey, Rear Adm. Eugene B., 1078n
Follestad, Robert T., 18n
Forrestal, Michael, 279n
Foster, John, 61-62
Fourie, Bernardus Gerhardus, 1105n
Fowler, Henry H., 241, 272, 377, 465, 841-842, 942, 1053
France:

Action Program on African Development Policies and Programs, attitude toward, 362
Algeria, relations with, 21-22, 35-36, 36, 238-239
Algerian-Moroccan tensions and, 209-210
Ethiopia, relations with, 545-546
Eurafrican preferential system, 346-347, 349
Ghana coup of 1966, 447
Horn of Africa, 544, 572
Morocco, relations with, 163, 180-182
Nigeria, relations with, 610
Nigerian civil war, 685
North Africa, 2, 3, 237
Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 843
South Africa's apartheid policy, 994
Southern Africa region, policy re, 708-709
Tunisia, relations with, 219-220, 221, 225, 244

Franco, Generalissimo Francisco, 5
Fredericks, J. Wayne, 74n, 170n, 177, 320-322, 357n, 466, 542n, 663, 664, 742, 745n, 751n, 754n, 759n, 792n, 797, 804, 805, 807n, 813n, 819n, 824, 827, 831n, 926, 995n, 1022n, 1081

Algeria, 20-23
Nigeria, 616
Portuguese Africa, 736-738, 738, 743, 770-771

Freeman, Orville, 482
French Somaliland, 544, 548, 560, 572
Frutkin, Arnold W., 1045
Funseth, Robert L., 754n, 759n, 765n, 767n, 769n, 780n

Gabon, 286
Galanto, Fred J., 64, 484n, 487n, 491n, 494n, 502n, 516n, 518n, 520n, 521n, 530n, 531n, 851n
Gallin-Douathe, Amb., 406
Gardiner, Robert, 397-398
Gargoni, Khalid al, 139
Garin, Vasco Vieira, 763, 769, 904-905
Garner, Sir Saville, 660, 803-805, 808n, 810n, 925-927, 928
Gaud, William S., 192, 223, 247, 271, 279n, 351, 362, 376-377, 465, 482
Gebelt, S. G., 785n, 847-848
Germany, Federal Republic of (FRG), 167, 176, 362, 560, 750
Ghana, 328, 330

Aluminum plant project, 422-423, 424, 438, 440
Ankrah government, U.S. recognition of, 456-457
Anti-American campaign, 411, 412, 414, 420, 424n, 428-429, 444-446, 451-452
China, relations with, 459
CIA covert operations, alleged, 411n, 422-423, 424, 426, 429-430, 432-433, 434
Civilian government, restoration of, 474-475, 476
Cocoa prices, 375, 450, 476-477, 480
Corruption problem, 429
Coup of 1966, 443, 447, 453-456, 457-460
Economic situation, 439, 450, 460, 464, 467-471, 472
Foreign investment policy, 426-427, 438-439, 480-481
Harriman's meeting with Nkrumah, 432, 434, 435-436
Humphrey's visit, 392-393, 479-481
Intelligence reports on, 467-471
Johnson's correspondence with Ankrah, 458-464, 472-473
Johnson's correspondence with Nkrumah, 425-428, 433-434, 448-449
Johnson's meeting with Ankrah, 467, 473, 475-477
Johnson's meeting with Quaison-Sackey, 447-449
Johnson's meeting with Ribeiro, 432-433
Kaiser's meeting with Nkrumah, 424-425
Katzenbach's meetings with Ankrah, 466-467, 478-479
Katzenbach's meeting with Harlley, 473-475
Mahoney's meetings with Nkrumah, 428-431, 444-446
Military situation, 470
Nigerian political crisis, 616, 639, 644, 650, 656
NIH research facility, 415-416
Nkrumah government, 413-414, 438, 459
Nkrumah's Hanoi visit, 448-449
Non-alignment policy, 426
Police force, 474
Political situation under military-police junta, 467-471
Socialist policies, 426-427, 430, 435-436
Soviet military equipment provided to U.S., 463, 477
Soviet Union, relations with, 429, 430, 459
U.S. Action Program, 413-416, 419-421, 441-442
U.S. development assistance (see also Volta River project below), 443, 456-457, 460, 464, 465-466, 476
U.S. food and agricultural assistance, 452, 457-458, 462, 478, 479, 481, 482-483
U.S. military assistance, 472, 476
U.S. psychological warfare program, 416
Volta River project, 411, 415, 417-420, 421, 423, 424-425, 435, 436, 437, 438-440, 443-444
Williams's meeting with Nkrumah, 450-451

Gibbs, Sir Humphrey, 804-805
Gilpatric, Roswell, 748-749, 849
Glenn, Edmund S., 196, 268
Gleysteen, William H., 769n, 959n, 1073n, 1081, 1083n, 1093n, 1097n, 1106n
Gloster, John G., 580n, 585n, 589n
Godley, G. McMurtrie, 292, 735
Godson, Joseph, 1107n
Gold, Ruth S., 943n
Goldberg, Arthur J., 313, 358, 693, 807, 831n

Portuguese Africa, 691, 759, 761n, 762n, 764
Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 840, 845, 854, 931, 940-941, 947n, 951, 952
Rhodesian unilateral independence issue, 818
South Africa, 691-692, 1040, 1049, 1082, 1083-1084
South West Africa, 1080, 1102, 1103

Goldstein, Mortimer D., 846n, 851n, 861n, 917, 922, 943n, 952n
Goldwater, Barry, 283-284
Gonsalves, 778
Good, Robert C., 765n, 844n, 957, 1088-1089
Goodman, Seymour S., 785n, 1097n
Gordon Walker, Patrick, 788-789
Gore-Booth, Sir Paul, 823
Gowan, Maj. Gen. Yakubu, 618n

Nigerian civil war, 659, 661, 663, 667-669, 684, 686
Nigerian political crisis:

Countercoup of July 1966, 618-619
Iboland option, 648
Mediation efforts, 647
Military conflict, prospects for, 629-630
Secession issue, 620, 626-627, 647-648

U.S. analysis of, 655
U.S. public attitude toward, 672

Graham, Lord, 796
Green, Marshall, 717n
Green Denis A., 917, 918
Greenwood, Hal, 384
Grey, R. T., 273
Grimes, Rudolph, 359
Gromyko, Andrei, 553
Gross, Ernest, 1033
Guedira, Ahmed Reda, 152, 153n
Guellal, Cherif, 20n

Algeria:

Ben Bella's proposed U.S. visit, 30-31
Coup of 1965, 46
Morocco, military threat to, 17-18, 32
Non-alignment policy, 27
Oil issues, 17
Opposition elements, alleged U.S. support for, 27, 28, 29n
U.S.-Algerian relations, 16-18, 26-28, 31-32, 47-48, 61
U.S. food and agricultural assistance, 28, 52, 60
U.S. military assistance, 18

Johnson's meeting with, 45-48
Komer's meetings with, 16-18, 30-32, 52-53
Morocco's Ben Barka case, 52
Rusk's meeting with, 26-28

Guimali, Antoine, 358
Guinea, 286, 329, 330, 474
Gullion, Edmund A., 292
Gumane, Paul, 753
Gustafson, Charles H., 455n, 1083n
Guthrie, John C., 500n
Gwambe, H., 753

Hadow, Reginald M., 788
Hadsel, Fred L., 320n, 325n, 484n, 780n, 846n, 958n, 959n
Haile Minassie, 564
Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia, 150, 274, 599

Ethiopia:

Dinke's defection to U.S., 532
Humphrey's visit, 397-398
Kagnew Station military base, 510
Political reforms, U.S. encouragement of, 533, 534-535
Political situation, 537
Soviet-Somali relations, concerns re, 603-604
U.S. military assistance, 486, 512n, 521, 564-568, 571n
U.S.-Soviet relations, concerns re, 602

Ethiopia-Somalia dispute, 493, 500n, 591, 603, 605
Harriman's meeting with, 527-529
Johnson's correspondence with, 486, 488-489, 499-500, 549-550
Johnson's meetings with, 558, 560-566, 568
Johnson's proposed meeting in 1966, 544n, 546-550
McNamara's meeting with, 559, 566-567
Nigerian civil war, 683, 690
Nigerian political crisis, 650-651, 652n

Hall, Michael, 908
Hall, Pierson M., 693n, 963, 992n, 1039
Hall, William, 589n, 600n, 601n, 602-604
Hamilton, Edward K., 472n, 478n, 542n, 566-567, 590n, 596, 665n, 686n

Malawi, 697-698
Nigerian civil war, 659-660, 663-665, 669-670, 683-685
Nigerian political crisis, 654-657
Regional policy regarding Sub-Saharan Africa, 331-333, 355-357, 378-381
Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 1064-1065
South Africa, 1058-1059
South West Africa, 1062-1064

Hand, Lloyd N., 871, 873
Hardy, Alan M., 676n
Harlech, Lord, 788
Harlley (Ghana), 443, 454, 473-475
Harriman, W. Averell, 4, 29n, 71n, 84n, 87n, 90n, 93n, 101n, 160n, 163n, 220n, 274, 279n, 282n, 412, 425n, 428n, 488n, 497n, 499n, 516n, 535n, 549n, 717n, 730, 736n, 797n, 931

Algeria, 20, 32, 34, 54-56, 57, 60, 66
Economic and political progress in newly indent nations, 285-286
Ethiopia, 520, 527-529
Ethiopia-Somalia dispute, 496
Ghana:

Meeting with Nkrumah, 432, 434, 435-436
U.S. Action Program, 420, 421, 441, 442n
Volta River project, 417, 418, 420, 421, 423, 424-425, 435, 436, 437, 438-440

Libya, 72, 108
Morocco, 52, 167-168, 173, 187-188
Nigeria, 610-611
Portuguese Africa, 742
South Africa, 963-965, 1006
Tanzania-Zambia railroad, 799
Tunisia, 253
Wheelus Air Base, 80-81, 88, 89n

Hart, Parker T., 137
Hartman, Arthur A., 264n, 699n, 704n, 1109-1110
Hasan, Crown Prince of Libya, 108
Haselton, Norris, 29n
Hassan II, King of Morocco, 1, 3

Algerian coup of 1965, 42
Bourguiba Jr.'s assessment of, 221
Johnson's correspondence with, 155, 156, 184-187
Johnson's meeting with, 183-184, 193-200
Morocco:

Algerian military threat, 188, 189, 196-197
Ben Barka kidnapping case, 181
Economic development and private investment, 178-179, 182
Harriman's visit, 187-188
Military situation, 14
Mutual defense arrangement with U.S., proposed, 211
Political situation, 13, 176
Soviet Union, relations with, 149n, 187, 189-190
U.S. food and agricultural assistance, 184-185
U.S. military assistance, 201n, 215
U.S. withdrawal from military bases, 152

Hatch, Col., 966n
Hauschner, Ludwig, 743n
Havercamp, Roy T., 780n, 786n
Haynes, Ulric, Jr., 458n, 535n, 813n, 883n, 984n

Botswana, 692-693
Nigerian political crisis, 617
Regional policy regarding sub-Saharan Africa:

Johnson's interest in African affairs, 304-305
Problems areas for U.S., 328-330
Strengthened African Program, 298-303, 305
U.S. Negro leadership's interest in, 295, 296

Rhodesia, U.S. arms embargo against, 799-800
Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 858-859, 865-867, 882, 884, 885-886, 895-896, 901-902
Rhodesian unilateral independence issue, 794-795, 801-802, 827, 836-837
South Africa, 1028-1032
Tanzania-Zambia railroad, 800-801

Hazam, Col., 201n
Heffner, Col. Charles C., 69n, 92n, 149n, 488n, 504n, 516, 520n, 525, 589n
Height, Dorothy, 296
Helms, Richard M., 53, 80, 330n, 453-454, 598n, 682n, 779, 1050n, 1053, 1065n
Henderson, John N., 788
Hennes, Richard V., 966n, 993n
Herr, Donald F., 1099n
Heuser, Henry, 109
Heymann, Philip B., 1093n
Heyniger, Lambert, 759n, 765n, 769n
High, George B., 743n, 754n
Hilliker, Grant, 992
Hinman, Carroll S., 74n, 90n, 149n, 168n
Hirschtritt, Ralph, 711
Hobson, Jesse, 109
Ho Chi Minh, 54, 267, 727
Holloway, Jerome K., 736n
Holmes, Edward W., 780n, 785n, 786n, 925, 952n, 958n, 959n, 1107n
Hood, Lord, 917
Hooper, Henry J. C., 897n
Hooper, Peter, Jr., 966n, 992, 995n, 1019n, 1021n, 1022n, 1067n
Hoopes, Townsend W., 143, 203n
Horan, Hume A., 67n
Hornig, Donald F., 144-145, 146
Horn of Africa (see also Ethiopia; Ethiopia-Somalia dispute; Somalia), 405

Djibouti dispute, 544, 565-566
Intelligence report on, 572-573
U.S. policy in, 504-507
U.S.-Soviet arms freeze, proposed, 542-543, 553-554

Houphouet-Boigny, Felix, 389-391, 683, 723-724
Hourani, Cecil, 219-220
Houser, George, 751, 1020
Hoyt, Michael P., 765n, 851n
Hughes, Cledwyn, 803-805
Hughes, Lloyd, 874
Hughes, Thomas L., 12n, 29n, 411n, 560n, 604n, 614n, 615, 739, 1050n, 1066n, 1078n

Algeria, 62-63
Portuguese Africa, 783-784

Human, Robert H., 765n
Humphrey, Hubert H., 220, 267, 383-40, 479-4814, 568, 594, 685, 1101
Hunt (UK), 669
Husayn I, King of Jordan, 138
Hutchinson, Edmond C., 101n, 159, 160n, 169n, 219n, 223n, 224n, 325n
Hutchinson, Edward, 421

Idris Al-Sanusi, Muhammad, King of Libya, 14, 138, 148n

Johnson's correspondence with, 71, 110-111
Libya:

Internal security situation, 141-142
Mutual defense arrangement with U.S., proposed, 100n
Political situation, 107-108
U.S. military assistance, 140
U.S. security guarantee, 110-111, 112, 140-141
U.S. technical assistance, 142
U.S.-U.K. military planning re, 141

Middle East situation, 137-138
Threatened abdication, 76, 82
Visit to Turkey, 136-137
Wheelus Air Base, 105-107

Israel-related concerns of Libyans, 139
Libyan Air Force and, 131-132, 139-140
Libya's public statements on termination of U.S. rights, 71
Negotiations re, 104, 138-140
U.S. discussions re, 87-88, 93-95, 105-107
U.S. withdrawal issue, 100n, 128

Imhof, Johannes V., 20n
Interdepartmental Regional Group for Africa, 191
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD). See World Bank.
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), 684, 686
International Court of Justice (ICJ), 965, 970, 1007-1008, 1055n
International General Electric, 177
International Monetary Fund (IMF), 159, 160, 469
International Telecommunications Union, 367
Ioanes, Raymond, 812n
Iran, 145
Ironsi, Maj. Gen. Johnson Aguiyi, 615, 618n
Israel (see also Six-Day War), 137, 138, 223n, 227, 230-231, 266
Italy, 362
Ivory Coast, 286, 389-391
Iyalla, Amb., 406
Iyassu Mengesha, Gen., 545, 574, 605

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Index 1 | Index 3 | Index 4 | Index 5

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Volume XXIV Index | Historian's Office | State Department